Abstract: Fair and Efficiency question is one of the questions receiving much concern in the life of human society, in the course of economic development of socialist market, people's discussion is fiercer. Someone says fair takes precedence over efficiency; someone says efficiency takes precedence over the fair. I think that belong to different preferential principles of assigning the field respectively, efficiency is the means of the field of livelihood distribute and fairis the means of the field of production distribute. This paper uses game theoryto prove: Fair and Efficiency can reach the best combination through scientificsystem design.

Key words: fairness, priority, system arrangement

摘要： 公平与效率问题是人类社会生活中备受关注的问题之一,在社会主义市场经济发展过程中,人们的讨论更是激烈。有人说公平优先于效率,有人说效率优先于公平。笔者认为公平与效率是分属不同分配领域的优先原则,效率相对于生产资料分配领域而言,公平则相对于生活资料分配领域而言。笔者运用博弈分析法说明:公平与效率可以通过科学的制度设计可以达到最佳的结合。

关键词: 公平, 优先性, 制度安排