中国伦理学会会刊
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伦理学研究

伦理学研究 ›› 2004(6): 93-99.

• 西方公民道德理论研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

西方公民观与公民道德观的历史演变——从古希腊罗马时期至17、18世纪

张博颖, 陈菊   

  1. 天津市社会科学院,天津 300191
  • 收稿日期:2004-07-19 出版日期:2004-11-10 发布日期:2022-03-18
  • 作者简介:张博颖(1962-),男,河北迁西人,天津市社会科学院研究员。陈 菊(1974-),女,河南安阳人,《道德与文明》编辑部编辑。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部重大委托课题:“建立与社会主义市场经济相适应的道德体系研究”资助阶段性成果。

The Historical Evolution of Views of Citizen and Civil Morality in theWest ——From Ancient Greece and Rome to 17th、18th Century

ZHANG Boying, CHEN Ju   

  1. Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, Tianjin China 300191; Editorial Department, Morality and Civilization, Tianjin 300191 China
  • Received:2004-07-19 Online:2004-11-10 Published:2022-03-18

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摘要： 古希腊罗马时期的公民是享有政治和经济特权的少数人,智慧、勇敢、节制和正义是公民应具备的“四主德”;中世纪缺乏公民与公民道德生长的土壤,社会造就的是谦卑温顺的臣民及深受基督教神学影响的臣民道德;17、18世纪的公民理论突破了古希腊罗马时期公民资格的狭隘性,公民的内涵大大拓展,资产阶级思想家们提出了与资本主义发展相适应的公民道德,但资产阶级公民道德理论也具有一定的虚伪性。

关键词: 公民观, 公民道德观, 历史演变

Abstract: In ancient Greece and Rome, citizen were the minority enjoying political and economical privileges. Intelligence, courage, moderation and justice werethe major four virtues for citizens to have. In middle ages, being scarce of the soil for citizens and civic morality to grow up, the society created submissive subjects and cultivated subjective morality, which were deeply affected by christian theology . In modern times, the citizenship theory broke through the limits of citizenship in ancient Greece and Rome and the connotation of the citizenship expanded greatly. The thinkers of bourgeoise came up with bourgeoise' morality to adapt to the development of capitalism, which was of falsity in a certainsense.

Key words: west, citizen, civil morality

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