作为无支配的第二种消极自由概念

伦理学研究 ›› 2014 (4): 128-135.

作为无支配的第二种消极自由概念

贾沛韬

收稿日期:2014-02-03 出版日期:2014-07-10 发布日期:2022-01-14
作者简介:贾沛韬,清华大学人文学院博士后。

On the Second Kind of Concept of Passive Liberty

JIA Pei-tao

Received:2014-02-03 Online:2014-07-10 Published:2022-01-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 晚近共和主义学者所着力阐发的“第三种自由概念”可以恰当地被理解为第二种消极自由概念。这种消极自由概念的恰切含义被阐释为“无支配”或“依赖之缺位”,从而在某些重要方面根本地不同于自由主义式的以退守至私人领域为特征的那种被阐释为“无干涉”的消极自由观。它最初源于罗马式传统在自权人与从权人之间所做的根本性区分,从而体现为一种基于主体而得以界定的自由理论,这又在很大程度上与受启发于运动者不受外在障碍地持续其运动状态的那种基于行动自身而界定的自由理论之间不可公度。尽管共和主义式消极自由概念的独特性常常遭受来自各种学术取向的质疑否定或不以为意,尽管政治哲学界对于共和主义自由观的理解往往局限于那种以集体自治为特征的积极政治自由,但前者的独特性和重要性至少在与后者同样的程度上不可替代。同时,由于诞生自同样的古代城邦政治实践,两种共和主义式自由又有着天然的亲和关系。正确回应相关学术质疑,尤其是来自自由主义的相关质疑,以及正确处理第二种消极自由与共和主义式积极自由之间的关系,对于恰当地理解几种自由概念而言也都是至关重要的。

关键词: 消极自由, 共和主义, 无支配, 依赖之缺位

中图分类号:

B82-053

贾沛韬. 作为无支配的第二种消极自由概念[J]. 伦理学研究, 2014(4): 128-135.

JIA Pei-tao. On the Second Kind of Concept of Passive Liberty[J]. Studies in Ethics, 2014(4): 128-135.

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