Abstract: Altruism is a basic value orientation and pursuit of morality and realizes in altruistic action.As far as the different understanding of altruism is concerned,altruistic action can be regarded as a complex system.So it is necessary to make a basic academic research on altruistic action and try to identify its basic pedigree and rationality foundation.

Key words: Altruistic Action, Identity Category, Motive Category, Interest Category, Relationship Category

摘要： 利他是道德的基本价值导向和追求,其具体落实为利他行为,但因对利他的不同理解,利他行为呈现出为一个复杂的行为体系。因此有必要对其进行一个基本的理论梳理,以此廓清利他行为的基本谱系及其合理性基础。

关键词: 利他行为, 身份分类, 动机分类, 利益分类, 关系分类