Abstract: Although becoming the important issue in modern morality construction,public morality and private morality have not been achieved the mutual recognition on their concepts by scholars at home and aboard.On the basis of going over some typical definitions of public and private morality gave by contemporary scholars,we make a distinction between the two concepts by person's identification,interest orientation and the scene of behavior,pointing out that public morality is a person's virtues conveyed by his actions when he acts as a citizen,in public or for the sake of others,and private morality means a person's virtues conveyed by his actions when he acts as a private,in private living circle or for the sake of himself/themselves.

Key words: public morality, private morality, discrimination, definition

摘要： 公德与私德是当代公民道德建设理论与实践的一个重大课题。然而,目前国内外学界对公德与私德概念却未能形成一个较为一致的定义。本文在回顾与总结国内外学者有代表性定义的基础上,把道德行为必然具有的行为主体身份、行为目的的利益指向和行为发生的场域三个要素作为向度来划分公德与私德。指出公德主要是个人以社会成员身份与他人的交往中体现的德性,个人在公共场域的行为中体现的德性,个人在利他行为中体现的德性。私德主要是个人以私人身份与他人的交往中体现的德性,在私人领域行为中体现的德性,在利己行为中体现的德性。

关键词: 公德, 私德, 辨析, 厘定