Abstract: Rolston considers that morality is our human existence and the environmental ethic is to determine the existence for human beings in the natural community instead of overthrowing or replacing the traditional human ethics. We humans culturally living in the natural community ought to respect the natural ecosystem that has the intrinsic value and the end in-itself. Environmental ethic and traditional human ethic construct the comprehensive ethic that determines our existence.

Key words: Rolston, environmental ethics, morality, existence, ecosystem

摘要： 罗尔斯顿从整个西方伦理思想发展的角度出发,认为道德是人的存在方式,环境伦理的产生不是要推翻或取代人际伦理,而是要为自然共同体中的人类确立生存方式。人类道德之所以要观照自然生态系统,是因为自然生态系统具有自身的内在价值和存在目的,以文化方式生存于其中的人类须对此给予道德的尊重。环境伦理与人际伦理共同构成了完整的人之伦理,它们都是人的生存之道。

关键词: 罗尔斯顿, 环境伦理学, 道德, 生存方式, 生态系统