康德道德哲学对道德怀疑论的回应

伦理学研究 ›› 2025 (6): 55-63.

康德道德哲学对道德怀疑论的回应

钱康

出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-12-09
作者简介:钱康,复旦大学哲学学院青年副研究员。

Kant's Response to Moral Skepticism by His Moral Philosophy

Qian Kang

Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-12-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 康德学界存在一种流传已久的观点,认为康德的道德哲学不需要回应道德怀疑论或道德虚无主义,或是康德只需要回应仍然在一定程度上承认道德性的幸福主义伦理学,而不需要回应完全否定道德实在性的极端虚无主义。这是一种对康德道德哲学的限缩式解读,旨在缩小康德的论证目标,从而减小论证负担。但是,这种限缩式解读并不能真正达成这一目的,反而会使康德陷入更严重的独断论危机,并且这一解读也不符合康德自己对道德证成的设想。事实上,如果将康德的道德证成放在先验观念论的体系中,我们就会发现,基于《纯粹理性批判》和《道德形而上学奠基》中对自由理念的证成,康德对道德虚无主义和道德怀疑论的批评其实是一种一贯式的、基于先验方法论的反独断论论证。这意味着康德道德哲学的演绎与证成完全能够在更高阶的维度上针对任何一种道德虚无主义。

关键词: 康德道德哲学, 道德怀疑论, 道德证成, 先验论证

钱康. 康德道德哲学对道德怀疑论的回应[J]. 伦理学研究, 2025(6): 55-63.

Qian Kang. Kant's Response to Moral Skepticism by His Moral Philosophy[J]. Studies in Ethics, 2025(6): 55-63.

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