关键词: 生态伦理学, 伦理原则, 自然剃刀, 奥卡姆剃刀, 自由剃刀

Abstract: Intuitionally, the basic principle of ecological ethics should be thatour behaviors ought to be beneficent or non-maleficent to the ecological system. But there are two problems in it, one is epistemological and another is axiological. The former is how we can know if our behaviors are beneficent or non-maleficent to the ecological system. The latter is whether our knowledge about the ecological system is sufficient to make so positive a principle. I think we can give negative answers to the two questions. So we can simply have a negative principle to ecological ethics. That is that we shouldn't disturb the ecological system if unnecessary. That is so-called “natural razor”.

Key words: ecological ethics, ethical principle, natural