关键词: 汉娜·阿伦特, 根本的邪恶, 平庸的邪恶

Abstract: Hannah Arendt used two different expressions to describe the phenomenon of the evil under totalitarianism, that is, the radical evil and the banality of evil. The fundamental characters of the former include destroying the concept of development and progress of human being, devoting to the enterprise of making people superfluous, eliminating the juridical person in man, the moral person in man and the man as individual. The characters of the latter embody in thoughtlessness and shallowness. Arendt offered a new kind of angle of view to think the origin of phenomenon of evil and the moral responsibility which the person should burden under the totalitarianism; therefore she provided a theoretic possibility towards an ethics of personal responsibility that its core is thinking.

Key words: Hannah Arendt, the radical evil, the banality of evil