关键词: 社会整合, 系统整合, 行动系统, 交往理性, 社会基本矛盾

Abstract: Much attention has been paid to the theme of “how to integrate society”,Parsons, Lockwood and Habermas reunderstand Marx's theory of social integration. From the dual perspectives of agent ’s function and system, Parsons regards the whole society as an action system and focuses on the stability and balance of the social system. Lockwood distinguishs "social integration" from"system integration", and criticizes Parsons for ingoring the significant role of social integration in the system integration, while attaching too much importance to the balance of social system. Habermas reconstructs Lockwood’s distinction between the two kinds of integration, and claims that we should use the concept of the dual society structure, i.e. "lifeworld - system" to supplement Parsons' theory of social integration, reconstruct the practical rationality by means of the communicative rationality and seek the dominant mechanism of social integration on the basis of the reality situation of the late -capitalist society. As revised versions, Parsons,Lockword and Habermas take advantage of Marx's abundant theoretical resources of social integration as a source of reference, and differentiate their theory from Marx’s theory gradually. Analyzing their theory has important inspirational meaning for the practice of our building a harmonious socialist society and the rule of law.

Key words: social integration, system integration, action system, communicative rationality, social basic contradiction